Recovered from Bayer-process caustic liquor by chelating ion exchange or solvent extraction, then electrowon from concentrated NaOH.
Research Elements Ga · atomic number 31 Post-transition metal · period 4, group 13 [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 Shells: 2, 8, 18, 3 Valence electrons: 3 in the outer shell (4s2 4p1) Green dots are the outer shell's s and p electrons. Softer green dots are the d electrons of transition metals, and the d and f electrons of lanthanides and actinides: they often take part in bonding, but not always. Grey dots are the core. Ground-state configuration from the NIST Atomic Spectra Database (A. Kramida, Yu. Ralchenko, J. Reader and the NIST ASD Team). Abundance is the mole fraction of the element found as that isotope on Earth; digits in parentheses are the uncertainty in the last digits. Masses and abundances from NIST, Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions (J. S. Coursey, D. J. Schwab, J. J. Tsai and R. A. Dragoset, National Institute of Standards and Technology).Gallium
Electrons
How it's obtained
Natural isotopes
Isotope Relative atomic mass Abundance 69Ga 68.9255735(13) 0.60108(9) 71Ga 70.92470258(87) 0.39892(9)